Trends in antimicrobial resistance in neisseria gonorrhoeae. Gonorrhea is the second most commonly reported notifiable disease in the united states. Nucleic acid amplification of the opa gene for detection of. Genomic analysis and antimicrobial resistance of neisseria. The most common site of neisseria gonorrhoeae infection is the urogenital tract. Diagnosis and treatment of neisseria gonorrhoeae infections. This report discusses the epidemiologic case investigation, the molecular studies of resistanceassociated mutations and n. Ce document est disponible integralement en format electronique pdf sur le site web. Antimicrobial resistance in neisseria gonorrhoeae plos. This property has led to the rapid dissemination of antibiotic resistance markers and to the panmictic structure of the gonococcal population. Neisseria gonorrhoeae an overview sciencedirect topics. Jul 14, 2016 neisseria gonorrhoeae with reduced susceptibility to azithromycin san diego county, california, 2009 mmwr may, 2011 may 12, 2011 dear colleague letter pdf icon consultation meeting on cephalosporinresistant gonorrhea outbreak response plan pdf icon january 20, 2011. Antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics of neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from vietnam, 2011 article pdf available in bmc infectious diseases 1. Uk national guideline for the management of gonorrhoea in adults.
Molecular medical microbiology second edition, 2015. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a pathogen only of humans. Neisseria gonorrhoeae treatment failure and susceptibility to. A total of 468,514 cases of gonorrhea were reported in the united states in 2016 and this was a significant increase from the 395,216 reported cases in 2015. Recently, the first neisseria gonorrhoeae strain h041 highly resistant to the expandedspectrum cephalosporins escs ceftriaxone and cefixime, which are the last remaining options for firstline gonorrhea treatment, was isolated in japan.
The sexually transmitted pathogen, neisseria gonorrhoeae, undergoes natural transformation at high frequency. Infected men may experience pain or burning with urination, discharge from the penis, or testicular pain. High rates of penicillin, tetracycline, and quinolone resistance have long been detected. Hsu, zoon wangu, in principles and practice of pediatric infectious diseases fifth edition, 2018. Infection may involve the genitals, mouth, andor rectum. Even an extendedspectrum oral cephalosporinresistant, cefixime. The general approach used to generate the 2005 estimates is similar to the approach used in 1995 and 1999. Sexually transmitted infections caused by neisseria gonorrhoeae are a cause of pelvic inflammatory disease in women, which can lead to serious reproductive complications including tubal infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic. Frontiers molecular pathogenesis of neisseria gonorrhoeae. During 2010 2011, there were 29 isolates with elevated mics of cephalosporins. Asymptomatic and subclinical gonococcal infections occur at a high frequency in females. Men with this infection may experience dysuria with penile discharge, and women may have mild vaginal mucopurulent.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae with reduced susceptibility to azithromycin san diego county, california, 2009 mmwr may, 2011 may 12, 2011 dear colleague letter pdf icon consultation meeting on cephalosporinresistant gonorrhea outbreak response plan pdf icon january 20, 2011. Agar medium for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of neisseria gonorrhoeae the organism neisseria gonorrhoeae is the etiological agent of gonorrhoea and is the second most common sexually transmitted infection sti in men and women 1. Antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics of neisseria. Cephalosporin susceptibility among neisseria gonorrhoeae isolatesunited states, 20002010. First neisseria gonorrhoeae strain with resistance to cefixime causing gonorrhoea treatment failure in austria, 2011 m unemo magnus. Gonorrhoea is caused by infection with neisseria gonorrhoeae. Neisseria gonorrhoeae antimicrobial susceptibility. Neisseria gonorrhoeae with highlevel resistance to. Herein, we investigated the phenotypic amr previous, current and possible future treatment options, genetic resistance determinants. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a bacterial pathogen responsible for gonorrhoea and various sequelae that tend to occur when asymptomatic infection ascends within the genital tract or disseminates to distal tissues. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and 2 the correlation between this population differentiation and amr evolution in gonococci. An exhaustive literature search was conducted to include the latest research regarding drug resistance. Chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, syphilis and. Neisseria gonorrhoeae helen fifer1, john saunders2, suneeta soni3, s tariq sadiq4 and mark fitzgerald5 changes since 2011 guideline first line empirical treatment is now monotherapy with ceftriaxone 1g intramuscularly if antimicrobial susceptibility test results from all.
Uk national guideline for the management of gonorrhoea in. Rapid communications first neisseria gonorrhoeae strain with. We report results of neisseria gonorrhoeae nucleic acid amplification testing naat with the abbott m 2000 pcr at a tertiary laboratory 6 months after its introduction. Ceftriaxoneresistant neisseria gonorrhoeae, canada, 2017 article pdf available in emerging infectious diseases 242 february 2018 with 61 reads how we measure reads. Increased minimum inhibitory concentrations mics to cefixime have been identified worldwide and have been associated with reports of clinical failure. A total of 96 isolates of neisseria gonorrhoeae exhibiting cefixime mics of. Neisseria gonorrhoeae has developed antimicrobial resistance amr to all drugs used in the treatment of gonorrhoea using mainly all known amr mechanisms. Comparison of multiple assay systems for the detection of neisseria gonorrhoeae. Pdf we report on the first neisseria gonorrhoeae isolate in the united states identified with. Pdf neisseria gonorrhoeae with highlevel resistance to.
Antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics of. Neisseria gonorrhoeae with decreased susceptibility or resistance to cefixime or ceftriaxone. Jan 24, 20 knowledge on antimicrobial drug resistance and genetic characteristics of neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates circulating in india, pakistan, and bhutan is sorely lacking. Highlevel cefixime and ceftriaxoneresistant neisseria. Eight were not cultured, but seven tested positive with a pora pseudogene naat. Frontiers the pathobiology of neisseria gonorrhoeae lower.
Swedish reference laboratory for pathogenic neisseria, department of laboratory medicine, microbiology, orebro university hospital, orebro, sweden 2. Antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics. Infection with neisseria gonorrhoeae gonorrhea is a significant public health problem in the united states. Infections urogenitales a gonocoque et chlamydia trachomatis. Global action plan to control the spread and impact of antimicrobial resistance in neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Antimicrobial resistance amr in neisseria gonorrhoeae is a major public health concern worldwide. Neisseria of the eleven species of neisseria that colonize humans, only two are pathogens. Symptomatic gonorrhea results in urethritis in males and cervicitis in females. Spread of multidrugresistant neisseria gonorrhoeae is a major public health concern. Neisseria gonorrhoeae gc with elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations mics of cephalosporins have been isolated from new york city nyc residents. Rapid antigen tests for neisseria gonorrhoeaeconsultation. A medline search of published articles in any language for the years 200509 was done using the subject headings gonorrhoea and neisseria gonorrhoeae. Here, we confirm and characterize a second strain f89 with highlevel cefixime and ceftriaxone resistance which was isolated in france and most likely. Treatment of neisseria gonorrhoeae world health organization. Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection is the second most commonly reported bacterial sexually transmitted infection in the canada with over 11,000 cases reported in 2009. Epidemiology and pathogenesis of neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Population structure of neisseria gonorrhoeae based on whole. Gonorrhea, one of the oldest known human illnesses, continues to result in significant morbidity. The ten articles cover a range of topics, including updates on important virulence factors, vaccine development efforts, immune evasion by the gonococcus, and current models for assessing virulence, treatments and prophylactic measures. In this paper, we describe the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and molecular characteristics of n. Cephalosporins are the only class of antibiotics recommended for treating gc. May 10, 2011 infection and disease associated with neisseria gonorrhoeae, the gonococcus, continue to be a global health problem. Emergence and characterization of neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates with decreased susceptibilities to ceftriaxone and cefixime in canada. Nov 15, 2011 this research topic is focused on the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis employed by the obligate human pathogen, neisseria gonorrhoeae. Trends of antibiotic resistance of neisseria gonorrhoeae in france, from 2001 to. Importance although cephalosporins are the cornerstone of treatment of neisseria gonorrhoeae infections, cefixime is the only oral antimicrobial option.
We report on the first neisseria gonorrhoeae isolate in the united states identified with highlevel resistance to azithromycin. Effective antimicrobial therapy is a key element in gonorrhea control. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, gonocoque, gonococcie, infection sexuellement transmissible, urethrite, cer vicite. Genetic manipulation of neisseria gonorrhoeae dillard. It forms oxidasepositive colonies and is differentiated from neisseria meningitidis the other pathogenic neisseria, which causes meningitis by its ability to ferment glucose but not maltose. In the united states, it is the second most commonly reported communicable disease and the second most prevalent sexually transmitted infection sti. Pdf ceftriaxoneresistant neisseria gonorrhoeae, canada. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, also known as gonococcus singular, or gonococci plural is a species of gramnegative diplococci bacteria isolated by albert neisser in 1879.
Our genome analysis of strains from multiple sites across the world offers a geographic diversity of n. Emergence of multidrug resistant neisseria gonorrhoeae. Gonorrhea is the second most frequently reported notifiable disease in the united states and is becoming increasingly common in europe. Pdf first neisseria gonorrhoeae strain with resistance to. Gonorrhea, colloquially known as the clap, is a sexually transmitted infection sti caused by the bacterium neisseria gonorrhoeae. It causes the sexually transmitted genitourinary infection gonorrhea as well as other forms of gonococcal disease including disseminated gonococcemia, septic arthritis, and gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum. Infection with neisseria gonorrhoeae is a global problem. Antimicrobial resistance amr in neisseria gonorrhoeae seriously.
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